Cylindropuntia bigelovii

Morphology and Characteristics

Cylindropuntia bigelovii, also known as the teddybear cholla, is a shrubby cactus with cylindrical branches. These branches can grow up to 10 feet tall and are covered with fuzzy-looking spines that can cause severe skin irritation if touched.

The teddybear cholla has small, green leaves that are often not visible due to the covering of long spines. It produces yellow to greenish-yellow flowers at the tips of its branches from April to June. The flowers are tubular and about 1 inch long. The fruits of the Cylindropuntia bigelovii are fleshy, red berries that contain seeds.

This species exhibits adaptations to the harsh desert environment where it grows. Its branches have a cylindrical shape that reduces surface area and minimizes water loss through transpiration. Additionally, the teddybear cholla's spines provide shade for the plant, reducing water loss further.

Taxonomy and Classification

Cylindropuntia bigelovii belongs to the family Cactaceae, which is a diverse group of succulent plants found throughout the Americas. The teddybear cholla is classified under the order Caryophyllales, which includes other flowering plant families such as Amaranthaceae and Polygonaceae.

Within the Cactaceae family, Cylindropuntia bigelovii is part of the Opuntioideae subfamily, which also includes prickly pears (genus Opuntia) and chollas (genus Cylindropuntia). Cylindropuntia bigelovii can be further classified into the Cylindropuntia genus, which contains around 50 species of chollas.

There are no significant subspecies or variants of the teddybear cholla, but it is worth noting that there are other closely related species within the Cylindropuntia genus, such as Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa and Cylindropuntia fulgida.

Distribution and Habitat

Cylindropuntia bigelovii, commonly known as the teddybear cholla, is native to the Sonoran Desert in the Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. In the United States, it can be found in Arizona, California, and Nevada, and in Mexico, it occurs in the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa.

The teddybear cholla grows well in arid environments and is typically found in sandy or rocky soils in desert habitats, such as creosote bush scrub and Sonoran Desertscrub. It can also grow in disturbed areas such as roadsides and washes.

Due to its unique appearance, the teddybear cholla is popular among cactus enthusiasts and has been introduced to other regions for ornamental purposes. However, its introduction has resulted in the displacement of native plants in some areas where it has become invasive.

Cultivation and Care

Cylindropuntia bigelovii, also known as the teddybear cholla, is a hardy desert plant that is relatively easy to grow in the right conditions. Here are some tips for cultivating and caring for this cactus:

• Soil: The teddybear cholla prefers well-draining soils that are sandy or rocky. It does not tolerate wet soils.

• Light: This species thrives in full sun to partial shade.

• Watering: The teddybear cholla is drought-tolerant and does not require frequent watering. Water only when the soil has dried out completely.

• Temperature: The teddybear cholla grows best in hot, arid environments and can tolerate temperatures up to 120°F (49°C).

• Pests and diseases: The teddybear cholla is relatively pest and disease-free but can be susceptible to scale insects and mealybugs. Treat infestations with a horticultural oil spray.

• Propagation: Cylindropuntia bigelovii can be propagated from seeds, cuttings, or by division of mature plants. Take care when handling the spiny branches, wear gloves, and use tongs or pliers to remove cuttings.

Overall, the teddybear cholla is an excellent choice for arid gardens or xeriscapes. It requires very little maintenance once established and adds unique texture and interest to any landscape.

Economic and Ecological Importance

Cylindropuntia bigelovii, commonly known as the teddybear cholla, is an important plant in desert ecosystems. It provides food and shelter for many desert animals, including insects, birds, and mammals. The spines of the teddybear cholla also protect it from herbivores and provide shade to the plant, reducing water loss.

The teddybear cholla has some economic value as well. It is sometimes used in traditional Native American medicine to treat various ailments such as infections and arthritis. The plant's unique appearance also makes it a popular ornamental cactus in gardens and landscaping.

However, the introduction of the teddybear cholla to regions where it is not native has resulted in some negative ecological impacts. It can displace native plants and reduce biodiversity in those areas.

Overall, the teddybear cholla is an interesting and ecologically significant plant that plays an important role in desert environments.